Synergistic interaction between propolis extract, essential oils, and antibiotics against Staphylococcus epidermidis and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus

The development of multi-drug-resistant bacteria pushed the scientific community to look for new alternatives solve problem. Propolis is a beehive substance and one richest natural products in bioactive compounds with antibacterial activity. This study was aimed investigate possible synergistic interaction between propolis drugs, such as essential oils (EOs) antibiotics, order find increased activity decreased concentrations. Two ethanol extracts were used test, which collected from north Morocco. chemical composition determined by UHPLC-MS. effect EOs antibiotics tested using checkerboard technique. analysis showed presence more that 100 extracts, belonging mainly flavonoids. combination other drugs different types interactions FIC index values varied 0.18 1, but no antagonist noticed. With FICI<0.5, obtained well antibiotics. These results indicate can be promising source molecules medical interest treat bacterial infection and/or increase action